DOCAHEXAENOIC ACID (DHA)

Docahexaenoic acid, or DHA, is a major component of fish oil. DHA is a vital component of the phospholipids of human cellular membranes, especially those in the brain and retina. It is necessary for optimal neural development and visual acuity. DHA is the most abundant omega-3 fatty acid in human breast milk. DHA occurs naturally in the form of triacylglycerols (TAGs).

Supplemental DHA may lower triglyceride levels and in some, may elevate HDL-cholesterol levels. DHA is vital for normal brain development for the fetus and infant and for the maintenance of normal brain function throughout life. Supplemental DHA may have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating activities.

Medical Indications of DHA

  • High Blood Pressure. DHA has been shown to decrease levels of blood triglycerides. High triglycerides levels have been link to heart disease in many studies. DHA alone appears to be just as effective as fish oil as a supplement.

  • Congenital Disease. DHA may be indicated for pregnant women and nursing mothers, for those with peroxisomal disorders (such as Zellweger's syndrome), for cystic fibrosis sufferers, for those with attention deficit disorder, dyslexia and, possibly, those with cognitive impairment and dementia (including Alzheimer's disease).
Dosage and Administration

The amount of DHA administered to premature infants who are not breast-fed should be regulated by a pediatrician. Much of the research in adults has been based on 1-3 grams per day of DHA from fish oil, although higher levels have been taken.

Since cod liver oil contains large amounts of both vitamin A and vitamin D, pregnant women or women who could become pregnant should check with a doctor before taking cod liver oil as a supplement. Adults should make sure the total amount of vitamin A and vitamin D from cod liver oil and other supplements does not exceed 25,000 IU (7,500 mcg) per day for vitamin A (15,000 IU per day for those over age 65) and 800 IU per day for vitamin D, unless otherwise recommended by a physician.



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