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 Black
Cohosh, a North American forest plant traditionally used to treat
snake bites, is also known as Black Snakeroot. It is reported to be
a highly effective herb for treating menopausal hot flashes. Black
Cohosh stimulates estrogen-like activity in the body, and should be
taken in fairly high doses twice a day for best results. Women
undergoing estrogen replacement therapy should consult their doctors
prior to supplementing with Black Cohosh.
Historical
Uses of Black Cohosh
North American Indians used
this medicinal plant for gynecological disorders, kidney disorders,
malaria, malaise, rheumatism, and sore throat. Additionally, it was
used for backache, colds, constipation cough, hives, and to induce
lactation. Black cohosh served as a home remedy in the 19th century
for fever and rheumatism, as a diuretic, and to induce menstruation.
Its popularity was strong among a group of alternative practitioners
who referred to black cohosh as "macrotys" and prescribed it for
lung conditions, neurological conditions, rheumatism, and conditions
pertaining to women's reproductive organs such as infertility,
menstrual problems, inflammation of the uterus or ovaries, potential
miscarriage, and relief of labor pains.
How it
Works
The active constituents in black cohosh that
are reported to provide its medicinal value include triterpene
glycosides (e.g. acetin and deoxyactein) and isoflavones. Additional
ingredients that may lend to its medicinal value include aromatic
acids, resins, fatty acids, tannins, starches and sugars.
As
a woman reaches menopause estrogen production decreases while
luteinizing hormone (LH) secretions increase. The result often is
intense hot flashed. Studies suggest that black cohosh has some
estrogen regulating ability and may also decrease LH secretions
whereby dampening the severity of hot flashes associated with
menopause.
Dosage and
Administration
Black Cohosh can be taken in the form
of the fresh or dried root, or as a liquid extract. It is also
available commercially in capsule and tablet form. Black Cohosh is
taken orally. The usual daily dosage is 40 milligrams, but because
the strength of commercial preparations may vary, be sure to follow
the manufacturer's instructions whenever
available.
Black Cohosh Side
Effects
Breast-feeding or pregnant women should not
take black cohosh. Large amounts (over several grams daily) of black
cohosh can cause abdominal pain, dizziness, headaches, and nausea.
Black cohosh should not serve as an alternate for hormone
replacement therapy during menopause.
Additionally, women
with breast cancer may want to abstain from black cohosh until its
impact on breast tissue is
understood.
Interactions
Although no
reported negative interactions with other drugs exist, black cohosh
has not been studied thoroughly.
Supporting
Literature
Jarry H, Harnischfeger G, Düker E.
Studies on endocrine effects of the contents of Cimicifuga racemosa.
2. In vitro binding of compounds to estrogen receptors. Planta
Medica 1985;51:46-49, 316–319.
Foster S. Herbs for Your Health.
Loveland, CO: Interweave Press, 1996, 12–13.
Murray MT. The
Healing Power of Herbs. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing, 1995,
376.
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