AYURVEDA:
A DETAILED OUTLINE OF
PHILOSOPHY AND PROCEDURES
Down the ages medicinal plants have been crucial in sustaining health and well being of mankind. Linseed or flax for example, provides its harvesters with a nutritious cooking oil, fuel, a cosmetic balm for the skin and fiber to make fabric. At the same time it was used to treat conditions such as bronchitis, respiratory catarrh, boils and a number of digestive problems. Given the life-enhancing benefits that this and so many other plants conferred. It is on this philosophy that the 5000 year old tradition of Ayurveda is based.
As civilizations grew from 3000 BC onwards in Egypt, the Middle East, India and China, the use of herbs too became more sophisticated, and the first written accounts of medicinal plants were made.
In India, the Vedas, epic poems written during 1500BC, also contained rich material on the herbal lore of that time. The Vedas were followed in about 700 BC by the Charaka Samhita, written by the physician Charaka. This medical treatise includes details of around 350 herbal medicines.
From early 19th century, chemical laboratories began to regularly supplant Mother Nature as the source of medicines. In 1803, narcotic alkaloids were isolated from the opium poppy (papaver somniferum). A year later, insulin was extracted from elecampane (Inula helenium).
In 1838, salicylic acid, a chemical forerunner of aspirin, was isolated from white
willow bark
(Salix alba), and was first synthesized in the laboratory in 1860. From this point on, herbal medicine and biomedicine were to take separate paths. Indeed, the increasingly fashionable use of mineral cures such as mercury led to the growth of chemical formulations, culminating in scientific medicine's ultimate break away from herbal practices.
Aspirin, an entirely new chemical formulation, was first developed in Germany in 1899. But this was still an early step. For the time being, the influence of the universities, medical schools and herbal medicine prevailed as the predominant form of treatment for most people around the world.
According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of the world's population still relies on traditional medicines, yet 1 in every 8 species of plant faces extinction. Only 1 percent of tropical plants have been screened for any kind of medicinal use, vital knowledge that is often enshrined in indigenous ritual, ceremony, and oral histories.
Ayurveda has withstood the test of time, for over four millenniums by propagation as smrithi and sruthi (through oral education and discussion ) and mananam (meditation). Most of the reference texts that are in use today were recorded after 1000B.C. It can be seen that Principles of Ayurveda are retained intact and the medicinal formulations in the reference texts are narrated as examples of this treatment theory for individual diseases.
The importance of Ayurveda has been proved in its maintenance of its tradition for thousands of eons. In the 16th century, the dominance of Islamic medicine, Unani Tibb, led to the partial repression of Ayurveda in India. In the 19th century, the British dismissed it as nothing more than native superstition and in 1833 they closed all Ayurvedic schools and banned the practice. Great centers thus fell apart, and Ayurvedic knowledge retreated to villages and temples.
At the turn of the century, however, some Indian physicians and enlightened Englishmen began to re-evaluate Ayurveda, and by the time India became independent in 1947 it had regained its reputation as a valid medical system. Today, Ayurveda flourishes side by side with Unani Tibb and Western conventional medicine and is actively encouraged by the Indian government as an inexpensive alternative to Western drugs.
In recent years, Ayurveda has attracted increasing attention from medical scientists in the West and in Japan, and the World Health Organization has resolved to promote its practice in developing countries.
Herbal remedies include warming spices such as ginger (Zingiber officinal), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) and cayenne (Capsicum frutescens), as well as turmeric (Curcuma longa) and aloevera (Aloevera). The specific choice of herbal remedy depends on its "energy", which Ayurveda determines according to twenty attributes (vimshati guna) such as hot, cold, wet, dry, heavy or light.
Unlike Western medicine systems that only identify the basic four tastes
Ayurveda also classifies remedies according to six tastes-sweet, sour, salty, bitter, pungent and astringent. Sweet, sour and salty substances increase water (kappa) and decrease air (vata); bitter, pungent and astringent remedies increase air and decrease water; and sour, salty and pungent herbs increase fire (pitta).
The flora of Ayurveda medicines comprises some 2500 medicinal plants having habitat all over the world. Several factors like deforestation, Urbanisation, pollution etc. had extinct many of these rare species. We have instigated Herbal gardening to participate in preserving the surviving species for future generation.
Now that modern medicine also recognises the ailment properties of plants, global scarcity of these plants is an instant threat we have to face. We are now developing an area into herbal nursery. Our aim is large scale cultivation of medicinal plants in various area of South India with support from Agriculture Ministry (Medicinal cultivation division) and the Government Rural awareness campaigns, development of nursery for seedling propagation, tissue culturing, providing technical know-how to farmers interested. Indigenous manuring and natural pest control etc. are phases we plan to implement in a phased out manner.
Medicinal value of the plants mainly depends upon the season in which they are grown and collected. Our ancestors generally preferred the use of fresh plants but they also instructed that if it was not possible to collect fresh plants then the preserved or well stored drugs, not more than a year old could be used.
Plants, being Panchabhoutik are solely dependent on soil (which is once again panchbhoutik) for their abode and nutrients. Their properties are based upon the nature of the soil. Its qualities differ depending upon the predominant mahabhutas present in the soil. Thus nature of the soil plays a major role in the manifestation of different properties of a drug.
In general, to collect any plant the Land /Soil should have the following qualities.
The Land should not have big pits, rocks or anthills.
The surface should not be uneven.
The Plants that grow near burial grounds, temples or slaughterhouses should not be gathered for medicinal purposes.
Soil should not be sandy or rocky and it should not be too alkaline or salty.
The land should not be either too marshy or too dry.
The soil should be unctuous, soft, fertile and black or red or white in colour.
The land surface should be even, covered with grass and huge trees.
Specific soil for various dravyas:
Soil for Virechana dravyas (Purgative drugs) should be of Prithvi (earth) and jala (water) mahabhuta pradhana. This means that the soil should contain elements of earth and water.
Soil for Vamana dravyas (Emetic drugs) should be of Agni (fire), Akasha (space) and Vaayu (air) mahabhuta pradhana. This means that the soil should contain elements of fire, space and air.
Soil for Samsamana dravyas (Palliative drugs)- Akasha (space) mahabhuta pradhana soil is good for the collection of drugs having palliative effect.
Collection of drugs
Collection of drugs as per their virya (Potency) :
Collect plants according to their virya, because virya is responsible for action of the drugs.
An "Ushna virya dravya" should be collected in Ushna Kala (summer), and from Agneya maha bhuta pradhana bhumi (means red soil or soil having properties of the fire element) like Vindhya Pradesh.
Shita Virya dravyas should be collected during Shitakala (winter) and from Saumya bhumi (means soil having pleasant properties) like Himachal Pradesh.
In this way we can collect the most potent drugs.
Collection of Jangama (Animal originated) dravyas:
The Jangama dravyas like blood, hair, nails etc should be collected from young and strong animals but their milk, urine and dung, must be collected after they have completely digested their food
Collection of Ahara dravyas:
- Susruta has mentioned the specific time for collection of Ahara dravyas :
Fruits:
Except Bilwa fruit all other fruits must be collected and used when they are ripe. The fruits, which are unripe, over ripe, infected, non-seasonal, grown in unclean land, are to be discarded.
Leafy vegetables:
Leafy vegetables, which are dry, rotten, infected, collected from dirty places, grown in odd season are to be discarded.
Tuberous vegetables:
Those, which are immature, grown in odd season, too old, infected and diseased are to be rejected. On the contrary, tubers, which are healthy, fresh, wet, non-infected, should be collected.
Food grains:
Food crops, destroyed by snow, fire, water, polluted air, poisonous insect, grown in odd season and in unclean area, mixed with other food grains and too old should not be collected and used.
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Time / Season for collection of drugs
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Different parts of a plant
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Seasons as per Susruta
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Seasons as per Charaka
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Seasons as per Bhavaprakash
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Patra (leaves)
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-Do-
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-Do-
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Grishma (may - july)
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Mula (Roots)
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Pravrut (may - july)
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Shishira and Grishma (jan - mar) and (may - july)
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Shishira (jan-mar)
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Twak (Bark)
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Sharad (sept - nov)
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Sharad (sept - nov)
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Kanda (Tubers)
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Sharad (sept - nov)
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Hemant (nov - jan)
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Ksira (latex)
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Hemant (nov - jan)
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Sharad (sept - nov)
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Sara (Heart wood)
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Vasant (mar - may)
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Hemant (nov - jan)
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Puspa (Flowers)
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According to the flowering season of individual plant. )
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Vasanta (mar - may
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Phala (Fruits)
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Grishma (may - july)
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As per fruiting season of each plant.
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Panchanga (Drug as a whole)
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Sharad (sept - nov)
Note: he has not mentioned rainy season for the collection of any part of the plant
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FORMS OF HERBS:
Herbs can be classified into five types: according to origin, according to habitat, according to various actions, according to action on doshas and according to their use.
Classification of herbs according to origin
Dravyas are constituted by panchamahabhootas (five elements). A dravya is said to be of a particular mahabhoota if it forms a major constituent of the dravya. There are five types of dravyas:
Parthiv
Apaya
Taijas
Vayaveeya
Akasheeya
Classification according to habitat, family, morphology and life span of herbs (dravya)
Sthalaj - Plant and trees that grow on land, e.g. Haritaki, Amalki etc.
Jalaj (Aquatic) - Plants that grow in water, e.g. Lotus, Spyrogyra.
Vruksharuha (Epiphytic, living on the surface of trees) - Plants that grow on other trees but do not depend on that tree for their nutrition, e.g. Rasana.
Vrukshadan (Parasitic) - Plant that dwells on another tree and obtains its nutrition from its host.
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Classification of dravyas on the basis of different actions
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Dravyas
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Actions
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1.
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Jeevaneeya
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Promotes longevity and optimizes all the vital constituents and functions.
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2.
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Bruhaneeya
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Substance, which has an anabolic effect.
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3.
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Lekhaneeya
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Substances that bring about lekhan i.e. scratching, scraping etc.
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4.
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Bhedaneeya
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Purgative
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5.
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Sandhaneeya
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Facilitates reunion of fractures and aids in fermentation.
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6.
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Deepaneeya
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Stimulant of digestive functions.
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7.
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Balya
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Strengthens and raises functional capacity.
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8.
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Varnya
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Improves complexion.
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9.
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Kanthya
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Demulcent, beneficial to larynx and throat.
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10.
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Hridya
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Cardio tonic pleases the mind and senses.
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11.
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Truptighna
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Removes satiation.
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12.
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Arshoghna
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Cures piles.
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13.
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Kushthaghna
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Anti-dermatoses.
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14.
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Kandughna
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Antipuritic
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15.
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Krumighna
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Anthelmintic, antiparasitic.
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16.
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Krumighna
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Antidote
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17.
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Stanyajanan
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Stimulates production of breast milk.
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18.
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Stanyashodhan
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Purifies breast milk.
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19.
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Shukrajanan
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Increases semen count.
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20.
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Shukrashodhan
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Purifies semen
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21.
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Snehopag
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Aids in snehan i.e. oleation.
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22.
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Swedopag
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Aids in swedan i.e. causing perspiration.
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23.
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Vamanopag
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Aids in emesis.
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24.
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Virechanopag
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Aids in purgation.
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25.
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Asthapanopag
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Supports action of asthapan i.e. one of the two types of medicated enema in which usually decoctions are used.
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26.
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Anuvasanopag
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Supports the action of oleated enema.
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27.
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Shirovirechanopag
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Removal of doshas from the head by nasal administration of medicines.
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28.
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Chardinigrahana
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Controls vomiting, anti-emetic.
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29.
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Trishnanigrahan
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Removing / assuaging thirst.
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30.
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Hikkanigrahan
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Control of hiccups
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31.
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Purishasangrahaneeya
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Increases solid consistency of the stools/faeces.
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32.
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Purishavirajaneeya
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Restores the normal colour of stools/faeces.
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33.
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Mootrasangrahaneeya
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Reduces urine excretion.
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34.
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Mootravirajaneeya
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Restores the normal colour of urine.
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35.
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Mootravirechaneeya
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Drugs that help to pass obstructed urine.
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36.
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Kasahara
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Drugs that alleviate cough.
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37.
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Shwashara
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Anti-asthmatic.
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38.
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Shothahara
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Reduces swelling
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39.
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Jvarahara
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Alleviates fever, febrifuge.
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40.
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Shramahara
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Removing fatigue
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41.
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Dahaprashaman
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Alleviates burning sensation.
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42.
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Sheetaprashaman
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Alleviates cold
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43.
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Udaraprashaman
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Alleviates urticaria
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44.
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Angamardaprashaman
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Alleviates body ache, malaise.
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45.
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Shoolaprashaman
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Analgesic substances.
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46.
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Shonitprashaman
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Pacifies doshas of the blood.
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47.
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Vedanasthapan
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Analgesic.
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48.
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Sangnyasthapan
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Restores consciousness.
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49.
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Prajasthapan
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Promotes fertility.
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50.
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Vayahsthapan
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Anti-ageing.
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- Types according to the action on doshas
Shaman
Dravyas which equate the vitiated dosha without purifying the doshas or disturbing the equilibrium.
Kopan
Dravyas which vitiate the doshas in equilibrium.
Swasthahita
Dravyas which have a tendency to increase or decrease vatadi doshas but do not produce vitiation of these doshas in a healthy person
- Types depending on their use
Aushadh dravya (drugs)
Ahar dravya (diet)
PROPERTIES OF HERBS:
Properties or Gunas of the herbs act as a medium for understanding the peculiarities of the herbs. Each and every guna has a definite action i.e. karma. A single herb may have many properties and a specific property may be present in many herbs. The properties are classified into three groups:
Vaisheik gunas (related to the sensory organ)
Samanya gunas (general)
Atma gunas (related to the soul)
1 - Vaisheik Gunas
Shabda (sound) - [ear] akash
Sparsha (touch) - [skin] vayu
Roopam (shape/colour) - [eyes] teja
Rasa (savour) - [tongue] jala
Gandha (odour) - [nose] prithvi
2 - Samanya Gunas
Guru (heavy)
Manda (dull)
Hima (cold)
Snigdha (moist/unctuous)
Shlakshna (smooth)
Sandra (viscous)
Mridu (soft)
Sthira (immobile)
Sookshma (extremely fine or minute)
Vishada (clean)
Laghu (light)
Teekshna (sharp)
Ushna (hot)
Ruksha (dry)
Khara (rough, irregular)
Drava (liquid)
Kathina (hard)
Sara (fluidity)
Sthoola (abundance of constituent components)
Pichchila (mucilaginous)
3 - Atma Gunas
Buddhi - intellect
Ichha - desire
Dwesh - aversion (jealousy)
Sukha - pleasure
Dukkha - pain
Prayatna - effort
Other physical properties are as follows
Vyavayi - Drugs that spread throughout the body without first getting digested are known as vyavayi. Their digestion begins after they spread throughout the body, e.g. Poisons, narcotics, strong liquor, opium etc.
Vikasi - Drugs after reaching the body, cause depletion of oja (essence of taste, energy during digestion and post digestive taste, i.e. essence of a product after digestion). These dravyas cause loosening of major joints between the constituents of various dhatus and bones, ligaments and also of numerous minor joints within the body, thus these dravyas bring about considerable decrease in the strength of the body, e.g. Tobacco, supari etc.
Sugandha (Fragrance) - Particular sense-object.
Durgandha (odour) - Antagonist of sugandha, which causes anorexia and discomfort; acts as an adjunct to vamana and reduces vata-kapha.
Ashukari (Quick) - The Ashukari guna dravyas is responsible for producing prompt action of these dravyas, e.g. drop of oil spreads immediately on water.
Shushka (Dry) - Antagonist of dravya (liquid)gunas
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SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE HERBS:
The five main characteristics of herbs are discussed herein
Ras - When a substance is produced from panchamahabhootas (five elements), at that time different tastes develop in the substance depending on the proportion of the panchamahabhootas e.g. sweet, sour, salty, bitter and astringent.
- Vipak - Diet or drugs, both, as they get digested, undergo change i.e. the food item that initially taste sweet, has an altogether different taste after digestion due to the digestion brought about by the jathragni.
- Vipak is of three types :
Madhur (sweet)
Amla (sour)
Katu (pungent)
- Veerya - The effectiveness of all gunas (properties) is known as veerya. It consists of two types :
Sheet veerya
Ushna veerya
Prabhav - The innate and specific property of a dravya is known as pravhav. This means that a specific action generated by prabhav may prove to be generated by it through circumstantial evidence but the exact mechanism by which prabhav brings about the action is hard to describe.
A prabhav attributed to a particular dravya can be obtained only by using that particular dravya, any other dravya with the same properties and actions will not be able to generate the same prabhav i.e. dravyas (herbs) have their own exclusive prabhav.
Karma - The changes brought about by the dravyas through their rasa, gunas etc. within the body are known as karma (action) for e.g. Panchakarma, langhan, bruhan etc.
Dravya - samskar (Basic preparations of herbs)
- The drugs selected for the treatment of any disease may be of plant origin / animal origin / mineral origin.
- To make them fit for therapeutic administration and to keep them potent for many days, they have to undergo some modifications known as "Samskara".
A small quantity of a simple drug becomes component to cure even the most complicated disease by the influence of different modifying procedures, such as:
Toyagni Sannikarsa (Contact of drug with liquid and heat)
Sauca (Purification / Detoxification)
Manthan (Churning)
Vasana ( Flavouring)
Bhavana (Trituration / grinding)
Kala Prakarsa (Time factor)
- Fundamental preparations for the dravyas are known as "Panchavidh Kasaya Kalpana" (five fundamental preparations) and they are as follows
Swarasa (Extracted juice)
Kalka (Paste)
Kasaya (Decoction)
Hima (Cold infusion)
Phanta (Hot infusion)
These five fundamental preparations are potent therapeutically in their ascending order and are light for digestion in their descending order.
Swarasa is the most potent preparation but heavy for digestion and Phanta preparation is the least potent and lightest for digestion.
A patient having good digestive power but suffering from a chronic and severe disease, Swarasa Kalpana is advisable.
A patient having weak digestive power and less severity of disease, Phanta Kalpana could be advised.
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PROCESSED HERBAL PRODUCTS AND TECHNIQUES:
ARISHTASAVAM
This group comprises fermented extracts of herbs. The decoction of the formulation is sweetened by recommended sweeteners like jaggery, sugar, candy sugar etc. and is fermented naturally along with Woodfordia Fruiticosa flowers and coarse powder of herbs. The mixture is sealed in earthen pots and kept intact for 30 days. The product is filtered, sedimented and the clear medicine is packed in airtight bottles. Here the alcohol generated naturally by breakdown of sweets act as self-preservent and as a medium for its quick therapeutic action.
ASAVAMS
Asavams are also fermented products. Here the whole drugs are disintegrated and made into coarse powder and fermented. So the drugs are extracted into the generated alcohol. The shelf life of perfectly packed Arishtam and
Asavams are said to be enhancing the therapeutic action by aging.
LEPAMS
They are medications used for external applications only. Different media like ghee and oil are used.
THAILAMS & KERAMS
These are medicated oils. The decoction and pulped powder of drugs are processed with oils like gingelly oil, coconut oil etc, for a stipulated time. Several additives like milk, fresh juices etc. are used in different cases. The end point of processing (Pakam) varies in unison with the usage of the medicine. E.g.; Low stipulated time for oils as intake, nasal or anal administration; medicinal Pakam for external application purpose; high for burn application, scalp application etc.
KUZHAMBU
These are powdered form of herbs, drugs and minerals (in some cases) used for both internal and external applications.
CHOORNAMS
The medicine for external application and massage are prepared as in the case of Thailams and Kerams. Here the mixture is gingelly oil, ghee and castor oil.
AVARTHI
A Thailam is repeatedly processed adding more ingredients everyday for a stipulated number of times. Eg. Dhanwantharam101 Avarthi is made by repeatedly processing Dhanwantharam Thailam for 101 days.
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EFFECTS ON OUR BODIES:
- Medicinal plants are classified on the basis of their action. Keeping in mind their composition they are divided into
Doshprashaman (Pacifying the doshas)
Dhatupradushan (Vitiating the dhatus)
Swasthahita (Maintaining and propagating health)
Herbs help in the following functions of our body systems. Like for e.g. the herbs help as an appetizer, they help in the digestive process, they help in the absorption of food etc.
Given below are the various use of herbs in the various systems
Digestive system - deepan (appetizer), pachan (digestive), vamak (emetic), virechak (purgative), grahi (absorbable).
Circulatory system - shonitsthapan (Constitution of blood in body increases)
Respiratory - kashara (cough-sustaining), swashara (anti-asthematic)
Reproductive system - Vrushya (aphrodisiac), vajikaran (aphrodisiac), prajasthapan (promoting fertility), garbhasthapan (promotes conception).
Urinary system - mutrasangrahaneeya (collection), mutravvirajaneeya (gives colour to urine), mutravirechniya (Diuretic)
Skin - swedopag (causing perspiration), swedapnayan, romshatan (which causes hair falling), romasanjanan , kandughna (reduces itching), kushthaghna (skin disease).
Body temperature - jwarahara (antipyretic)
Nervous system - medhya (generating intelligence), sangnyasthapan (which restores consciousness), madak (intoxicant).
Satmikaran - rasayan (rejuvenation), balya (increases the functional capacity), bruhan (anabolism), jeevaniya (promotes longevity).
PANCHAKARMA
This branch of Ayurveda was developed by Physicians in Kerala from "Sodhana Chikitsa" referred in Ayurvedic texts. This is a unique treatment from Kerala now attracting global attention. The therapeutic range of Panchakarma extends from low back pain to cerebral lesion diseases. In healthy humans this treatment tunes up the somatic and mental health, enhances the immunity, power, strength, vitality and longevity without any side effects.
- Panchakarma practically means live treatments as follows:
SNEHANAM: Snehanam comprises of preparing the body for subsequent treatments. This is done by administration of medicated Ghee, Oil etc. as per condition.
SWEDANAM: Swedhanam is meant for clearing (Directing in the right tract) the vitiated 'doshas'. The physicians in Kerala had advanced this branch further from systems prevailing in India.
NALEESWEDAM: The patient is prepared as narrated by Snahanam. Then the medicated oil is rubbed all over the body. The fumes from the selected medicinal liquid are passed into the blanket covering the whole body except the head. The fume is prepared from a traditional utensil-Naleeyanthram. The posture of the patient is altered so as to fumigate the whole body evenly and uninterruptedly. The indications for ceasing the process are reduction in pain, feel of warmth all over the body, perspiration of the face etc.
PALPUKA: For diseases like Bell's palsy etc. this type of Naleeswedam is done in selected body of areas.
PIZHICHIL (SNEHADHARA): This treatment is commonly used by Ayurvedic doctors for various conditions. Here a particular heated medicine is uninterruptedly poured onto the whole body/specific parts along with continuous massage. The course of this treatment is 7,14,21 days as per the condition of the patient. This treatment has wide range of indications. This treatment is administrated in healthy people too for general well being.
PINDASWEDAM (NJAVARAKIZHI): Here the patient is treated with a grain-Njavara Nellu. It is boiled with medicinal decoctions and is tied in a cloth as four bowls. This is dipped in recommended medicines and is rubbed in the body for a stipulated time. The patient's posture is changed at regular intervals and the process is continued for 45 to 90 minutes. For healthy individuals Njavarakizhi is effective for rejuvenation and weight loss.
KADIDHARA: A Pizhichil for hemiplagia cases.
AVAGAHASWEDAM: The patient is made to lie, after oil massage, in medicated warm water. Especially administrated for Hernia, Urine retention, Piles, colic diseases etc,
UPANAHASWEDAM: Here the medicine is made into a paste and covers the patient's body with pulverised bark of recommended leaves. Indications include several bone diseases, Rheumatic fever, Philariasis etc.
Apart from these several types of Swedhams are being used for treatments and heath maintenance.
VAMANAM: This is the specific treatment for vitiated "KABHA" -one of the tridoshas. The patient is made to vomit under controlled conditions. The emulsified and detached diseased doshas are eliminated from the body by Vamamnam, Virechanam and Nasyam. Indications are Haematurea, several skin diseases, Diabetes, Abscess Erysipeles, Bronchial Asthma, Elephantiasis, Chronic cough, Tuberculosis, Certain ENT disorders etc.
VIRECHANAM: Virechanam is the forced purgation by administrating suitable laxatives. This kind of treatment is indicated in Gastritis, Intestinal Colic, Splenomegaly, Oedematic conditions, Jaundice, Hypertension, Hysteria, Asthma, Hypercholesterimia etc.
NASYAM: This treatment meant for Cranial nerve diseases to common sinusitis. It is done by applying liquid or fine powder of medicines through nostrils. The different types of Nasyam according to dosage, type etc. are employed in various conditions. The therapeutic range is from Obesity complaints to Lesion diseases. In healthy ones too, this treatment tunes up various systems of body.
VASTHI: This Sodhana treatment is done through anal orifice. The classifications of Vasthi are 1. Snehavasthi (administration of medicated oils, Ghee etc.) 2. Kashavavasthi (decoctions) and Utharavasthi (vasthi done viz. Genitalia). These treatments except Utharavasthi are commonly being practised by Physicians in conditions like Sciatica Peptic and Deodenal Ulcers. Upper motor neuron Lesion diseases, Calculii, Seminal complaints, and also for general health improvement. A special type of instrument is used for these three purposes. Classification on the basis of usage also exists. (E.g. Lekhana vasthi for Obesity, Hypercholesterimia; Brahmavasthi for body building; Picha vasthi for Dysentery etc.) For aphrodisiac purpose also Vasthi is commonly used.
SIRAVEDHAM: This comprises of surgical drainage of blood from stipulated areas in specific conditions. Nowadays this procedure is not common and is performed using sterilised equipment. Its therapeutic action in various chronic conditions is unique.
Above treatments are together termed as Panchakarma. We have full-fledged facilities for all treatments in a spacious, calm atmosphere in the heart of Thodupuzha.
- Swasthachikitsa - Management of health
Even if any specific diseases is not precipitated, current hectic life style calls for the above mentioned rejuvenative therapy for improving health, work quality, mental status and for adding body immunity. It can be seen that various somatic factors undergo growth (Vardhamanam) until 20 years age, maintaining phase and then decline (Kshayam). Ayurvedic treatment tunes up the first two phases and delays the third phase. Moreover Ayurveda describes several disease reasons as acquired (Kalajam) like Hypertension, Cancer etc. for which the elimination of the etiological factor is done.
Stress Management
As we live in a century when enormous alterations are in all phases of life, an individual's mental stability to cope with his environment is inevitable for his progress. This Indigenous science provides a package comprising Swasthavritham (management of health), Manorogaprakaranam (mental health managment), Yogabhyasam (traditional method of somatic, mental exercises).
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COMMON HERBS IN AYURVEDA
Amalaki, Amla - fruit (Emblica officinalis)
Arjuna - bark (Terminalia arjuna)
Ashwagandha - root (Withania somnifera)
Bala - root (Sida cordifolia)
Bibhitaki - fruit (Terminalia belerica)
Bilva (Aegle marmelos)
Bhringaraj - leaf (Eclipta alba)
Brahmi- leaf (Bacopa monieri)
Cardamom - seed (Elettaria cardamomum)
Cinnamon - bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)
Cinnamon - bark (Cassia cinnamonum)
Cloves - bud (Syzygium aromaticum)
Coleus - root (Coleus forskholli)
Coriander- seed (Coriandrum sativum)
Cumin - seed (Cuminum cyminum)
Fenugreek- seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
Ginger - root & pwd (Zingiber officinalis)
Gotu Kola - leaf (Hydrocotyle asiatica /Centella asiatica)
Gokshura- fruit (Tribulis terrestris)
Guduchi- stem (Tinosporia cordifolia)
Haritaki - fruit (Terminalia chebula)
Kapikachu - seed (Mucuna pruriens)
Manjishta - root (Rubia cordifolia)
Mustard - seed, brown (Sinapsis juncea)
Neem - leaf (Azadirachta indica)
Nigella - seed (Nigella sativa)
Nutmeg - seed (Myristica fragrans)
Pepper, Black - seed (Piper nigrum)
Pippali , Long pepper (Piper longum)
Punarnava - root (Boerhavia diffusa)
Pushkara moola- root (Inula racemosa)
Sariva - root (Hemidesimus indica)
Shatavari - root (Asparagus racemosa)
Tamarind - fruit paste (Tamarindus indica)
Trikatu- The three spices
Triphala - The three fruits
Tulsi , Holy basil - leaf (Ocimum sanctum)
Turmeric - root (Curcuma longa)
Vacha- root (Acorus calamus)
Vasaka - leaf (Adhatoda vasaka)
Vidari Kanda (Ipomea digitata)
Organic Essential Oils
Cinnamon - bark (Cinnamonum zeylanicum)
Cinnamon - leaf (Cinnamonum zeylanicum)
Cardamon - seed (Elettaria cardamomum)
Nutmeg- seed (Myristica fragrans)
Mace- Aril (Myristica fragrans)
Clove- bud (Syzgium aromaticum)
Black Pepper- seed (Piper nigrum)
Vetiver - root (Vetivera zizanoides)
Ginger -root (Zingiberis officinalis)
Lemongrass- leaf (Cymbopogon flexuosus)
Citronella - leaf (Cymbopogon winterianus)
Organic oils and Flower Water
Sesame- seed (Sesamum indicum)
Almond- kernel (Prunus dulcis)
Coconut- fruit (Cocos nucifera)
Hemp - seed (Cannabis sativa)
Narayan
Brahmi
Ashwagandha
Bhringaraj
Nasya
Dashmoola
Rose Flower water- bud (Rosa damascena)
Peppermint water- leaf (Mentha piperita)
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